医学大学生亚健康状况问卷的编制与性能测试

Establishment and performance testing of the sub-health questionnaire for medical college students

目的编制《医学大学生亚健康状况问卷》并检验其信效度。方法通过文献查阅和专家咨询,形成包含52条目的问卷初稿;采用随机整群抽样于2016年5月选取某高校1 200名学生进行测试,通过专家咨询、项目分析和探索性因子分析形成正式问卷。运用因子分析评价问卷的结构效度,运用信度检验评价问卷的信度。结果回收有效问卷1 186份(占98.83%)。最终问卷包含42条目,3个维度,累计方差贡献率59.06%,问卷的总Cronbach'sα系数为0.834,分半信度为0.735。躯体维度含23条目,产生7个公因子,累计方差贡献率62.80%,Cronbach'sα系数为0.660~0.819,分半信度为0.549~0.734;社会适应维度含10条目,产生2个公因子,累计方差贡献率为51.20%,Cronbach'sα系数为0.799和0.673,分半信度为0.735和0.648;心理维度含9条目,产生1个公因子,累计方差贡献率49.32%,Cronbach'sα系数为0.870,分半信度为0.817。结论《医学大学生亚健康状况问卷》具有较好的信度和效度,可以作为测评大学生亚健康状况的有效工具。

Objective To design a questionnaire for sub-health status of college students and analyze its reliability and validity. Methods Based on literature review and expert consultation,an initial questionnaire with 52 items was formed. A random sample including 1200 students was conducted a questionnaire survey. Formal questionnaire was formed through expert consultation,project analysis and exploratory factor analysis. Factor analysis and reliability analysis were used to analyze the validity,and the reliability. Results A total of 1186 valid questionnaires were callback（ 98. 83%）. The formal questionnaire contained 42 items and 3 dimensions with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 59. 06%. The Cronbach＇s α coefficient equaled to 0. 834,the split half reliability equaled to 0. 735. The body dimension contained 23 items and 7 common factors,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 62. 80%,and the Cronbach＇ s α coefficient fluctuated between 0. 660 and 0. 819,the split half reliability fluctuated between 0. 549 and 0. 734. The social adaptation dimension contained 10 items and 2 common factors with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 51. 20%,the Cronbach＇s α coefficients were 0. 799 and 0. 673,the split half reliability were 0. 735 and 0. 648. The psychological dimension contained 9 items and1 common factor with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 49. 32%,the Cronbach＇s α coefficient was 0. 870,the split half reliability was 0. 817. Conclusion The questionnaire of sub-health status for college students had good reliability and validity. It could be used as an effective tool to evaluate the sub-health status of college students.