论藏语康方言敬语

On Honorifics in the Kham Dialect

康方言属藏语三大方言之一,其最显著的特点之一是较完整地保留有古老的敬语词,但生活在康巴地区的藏民族在日常生活中能够正确掌握和使用敬语的人并不多,使用范围也单一,而且在使用敬语的过程中存在误用现象;在交际中,除了使用口头敬语外,还会使用到非语言的敬语-手势(肢体)敬语,语言敬语和非语言敬语的使用充分体现出了康巴人的尊人卑己、谦恭礼貌的传统美德。

As one of the three Tibetan dialects,Kham dialect is featured by that it has a lot of ancient honorifics,but these honorifics are not mastered or spoken by all people in Khams,and the available fields to use the honorifics are limited,even misused,too. Actually,in addition to the oral honorifics,the Khampa people often adopt many non-verbal signs,such as body languages to communicate with each other in their daily life,which reflects their traditional virtues： politeness and respectfulness through inferiorring oneself in order to respect others.