白洋淀补水量研究

Study on Water Supply to Baiyangdian

为解决白洋淀上游来水减少造成的干淀、水生态功能退化问题,给白洋淀补充水量是一种非常有效的措施。文中以水位为主要指标,考虑对应的水量和水面面积对渔业、旅游等影响程度将白洋淀水生态环境分为5个等级;以白洋淀水面的自然蒸发、渗漏和生活、农业用水(灌溉面积2.67hm2)为基础,计算白洋淀在无补水情况下不同水位的日耗水量变化过程;以十方院水文站观测资料系列为依据分析了50%,75%,95%典型年水量变化过程,结合日耗水量,仿真推演了连续二年、三年不同水平年组合的白洋淀的各月水位状态;按照不同等级的生态环境状态计算了不同水平年组合下的补水量。根据分析计算结果对白洋淀的管理提出了建议。

In order to solve the problem of Baiyangdian drying up and water ecological function degra- dation caused by upstream runoff reduction, adding water to Baiyangdian is a very effective measure. Tak- ing the water level as the main index, considering the influence of water quantity and surface area on fish- ery and tourism, this paper divides the water ecology in Baiyangdian into five grades. On the basis of the natural evaporation, seepage, life and agricultural water （irrigation area 2. 67 hm2）, the daily water con- sumption of different water levels in Baiyangdian without water recharge is calculated. Based on the obser- vation data of Shifangyuan Hydrological Station, the water changing process in typical years with 50~, 75~ and 95~ water level guarantee rate is analyzed. Combined with daily water consumption,the monthly water level of Baiyangdian in two years and three years in different level years is simulated and deduced. The water supply quantity in different level years is calculated according to the ecological status of differ- ent grades. Based on the calculating results, the suggestions on Baiyangdian management are proposed.