光动力治疗肿瘤分子机制研究进展

Research Advance in Molecular Mechanism for Photodynamic Therapy for Tumor

光动力治疗(photodynamic therapy,PDT)是利用光敏剂高浓度聚集分布于肿瘤组织中的特性,经特定波长激光照射光敏剂处理后的肿瘤细胞,产生氧化反应破坏肿瘤细胞及其生长环境,从而治疗肿瘤的一种新型微创治疗方法。它的治疗机制主要包括:诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡和(或)坏死;阻断肿瘤组织血供,使其缺血、缺氧及导致血栓形成;调节免疫反应等。光动力疗法不仅可以在一定程度上改善肿瘤患者的生存质量,并且可以延长肿瘤患者的生存时间。随着光敏剂的不断研制及实验方法的不断改进,关于光动力在肿瘤治疗方面的分子机制进行了深入研究。本文就光动力治疗肿瘤分子机制方面作一综述。

Relying on a large accumulation of photosensitizers in diseased tissues,photodynamic therapy（PDT）,a novel therapy for tumors,elicits cancer cell death and destruction of tumor environment through oxidation damage by having the cancer cells treated with the photosensitizers illuminated with the laser of a specific wavelength. Its therapeutic mechanism mainly includes： inducing apoptosis and（or） necrosis of tumor cells, blocking the blood supply of tumor tissues, which leads to ischemia, hypoxia and thrombosis, and regulating immune responses. Photodynamic therapy will not only improve the life quality of tumor patients to some extent, but also prolong their survival time. With continuous development of photosensitizers and improvement of experimental methods, a world-wide in-depth study on the mechanism of photodynamic therapy for cancer has been made. In this article, the molecular mechanism for photodynamic therapy for tumor is reviewed.