颈部血管粥样斑块超声检查对早期防治老年人缺血性脑病的意义

The significance of ultrasonic examination of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in the early prevention and treatment of ischemic encephalopathy in the elderly

目的:探讨颈部血管粥样斑块超声检查对老年人缺血性脑病早期防治的启示。方法:选取2013年1月至2015年12月收治的220例缺血性脑病患者作为观察组,选取同期进行体检的220名体检健康者作为对照组,比较两组人员的超声检查结果。结果:观察组患者的软斑、扁平斑、硬斑检出率分别为39.5%、13.2%、19.1%,分别高于对照组的0.9%、0.5%、0.9%(P<0.05);观察组左、右颈总动脉内径均小于对照组(P<0.05);观察组左、右颈内动脉颅外段内径均值小于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:颈部血管粥样斑块超声检查能够较好地检查出患者的左、右颈总动脉内径与颈内动脉颅外段内径参数,在老年人缺血性脑病中具有较高的检出率,从而为缺血性脑病的早期防治提供参考。

Objective ：To explore the significance of ultrasonic examination of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in the early prevention and treat- ment of ischemie eneephalopathy in the elderly. Methods：220 cases of patients with isehemic encephalopathy treated in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 were selected in the observation group. At the same time, 220 normal physical examinees in our hospital for physical examination were enrolled in the control group. The ultrasonic examination results in the two groups were compared. Results： The detection rates of soft spot, fiat spot and hard spot were 39.5 % , 13.2 % and 19.1% respectively in the observation group, which were higher than those in the control group of 0.9 %, 0.5 % and 0.9 % （ P 〈0.05 ）. The diameter of the left common carotid artery and the diameter of the fight common carotid artery in the observation group were both smaller than the corresponding values of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant （ P 〈 0.05）. The mean diameters of the extracranial segment of the left and right internal carotid arteries in the observation group were smaller than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion ： Ultrasonic examination of carotid atheromatous plaque has a high detection rate in the patients with ischemic encephalopathy, which is able to check out the left and right carotid artery diameter and extracranial internal carotid artery diameter parameters, so as to provide reference for the early prevention and treatment.