“七七事变”后美国对日政策的演变及其启示——以1937—1938年时间段为限

The United States Policy on Japan and its Revelation After "The July 7th Incident" :from 1937 to 1938

日本借卢沟桥事变开启了全面侵华运动,美国对日本的外交关系不是一成不变的,而是随着美国利益的变动而变化着。卢沟桥事变后,美国的态度从积极到消极再到半积极,从"不承认主义"到严守"中立"直至对日制裁,究其转变的原因为美国崇尚的利益至上原则、国内长期盛行的和平主义、孤立主义思潮、美日经贸关系更为重要。美国该时期对日政策,客观的说,是一次失败的外交,既打击了中国抗日的行为,也助长了日本侵华意图。

By Marco Polo bridge incident, Japan opened the full aggression against China, and the United States to Japan＇s diplomatic relation was not same, but changed with the US interests. After the incident, the US attitudes changed from positive to negative to vice-positive, from ＂denied＂ to obey to the ＂neutral＂ until sanctions against Japan. The changing reason is that interest is the first principle, the domestic long-term prevalence of pacifism, isolationism, and US-japan trade relationship more important. During this period, the policy to Japan, objectively speaking, was a failure of diplomacy, which both hit the Chinese anti-japan behavior, also encouraged Japan＇s invasion.