我国专科护士的相关问题分析

Related issues analysis of specialty nurses in China

目的探讨我国专科护士的相关问题,以期为统一相关认识、促进行业发展提供参考。方法采用改良Delphi法,针对我国专科护士的概念、命名、角色定位和核心能力对31名专家进行2轮咨询。结果 2轮问卷回收率分别为96.9%和100%。专家熟悉系数0.82,判断系数0.87,权威系数0.85。所有问题形成一致性意见:命名宜为"专科护士",且其含义与"临床护理专家"不同(54.8%);概念是指在某专科领域具有一定的工作经历,经过该专科领域系统化的理论和实践培训,并通过考核获得医疗卫生行政部门认可的相应资格证书,能熟练运用专科护理知识和技术为服务对象提供专业化护理服务的注册护士(93.5%);角色定位包括专科护理提供者(100.0%)、教育/咨询者(100.0%)、沟通/协调者(96.8%)、研究者(83.9%);核心能力包括专业实践能力(100.0%)、教育/咨询能力(100.0%)、临床决策能力(96.8%)、沟通/协调能力(93.5%)、专业发展能力(90.3%)。结论我国专科护士的发展应遵循初级到高级的渐进过程,目前的专科护士尚不属于高级层次,但仍需承担部分研究者的角色。

Objective To discuss related issues of specialty nurses in China, and to provide reference for making consensus on these is- sues and promoting nursing development. Method The modified Delphi technique was used in two rounds consultation on 31 experts, and the consultation content was about the concept, title, role and core competency of specialty nurse in China. Results The questionnaire recovery rate of the two rounds was 96.9 % and 100%. Experts＇ familiarity coefficient was 0.82, judgment coefficient was 0.87, and authority coefficient was 0.85. All the issues reached consensus ; The title was ＂specialty nurse＂, and it was different from ＂clinical nurse specialist＂ （54.8 %） ;The concept was ＂The specialty nurse is a registered nurse who has certain work experiences in a special nursing area,and receives systematic training of theories and practice about the special area,then gains the qualification certificate recognized by the health administrative departments, and could apply the special nursing knowledge and skills to provide specialized nursing care for the patients and their family＂（93.5 %）;The roles included specialty nursing provider （100.0%） ,educator/counselor（100.0%）, communicator/coordinator （96. 8%） and researcher（83.9%） ; The core competence included abilities of specialty nursing practice （ 100.0 % ）, education/consultation （ 100.0 % ）, clinical decision-making （ 96.8 % ）, communication/coordination（93.5 %） and professional development （90. 3%）. Conclusion Development of specialty nurses in China should comply with the progressive process from basic to advanced level, and specialty nurses at present are not advanced practice nurses,while they still have to undertake part of researchers＇role.