中国传统村落民居山墙的类型及样带分异

The Pattern and Its Transect Differentiation of Traditional Village Dwell House Gable

选取位于110°E^116°E和28°N^32°N两条样带中的121个传统村落作为研究对象,运用中国传统村落申报资料、文献资料、网络资料和实地调研资料,对样带内样点村落民居的山墙进行类型划分并分析其空间分异。结果发现:(1)传统民居山墙可以分为人字形、马头形、锅耳形4大类9小类;(2)人字形山墙是中国传统村落民居山墙的主要类型;(3)从北往南、从西往东,山墙类型越来越丰富,马头形山墙主要集中安徽、浙江、江西三省,波浪形山墙主要分布在广东;(4)自然环境条件、地域文化背景、经济发展水平、社会制度差异是中国传统村落民居山墙分异的主要原因。

This paper classify the pattern and its transect differentiation of traditional village dwell house gable base on 121 traditional village in transect 11 0°E^116°E and 28°N^32°N by use of traditional Chinese village reporting information,documents,information network and on-the-spot investigation.The result showed that：（1）The traditional village dwell house gable can be divided into herringbone,horse shaped,pan ear shaped 4 categories and 9 types of;（2）The herringbone is the main pattern of the traditional village dwell house gable;（3）The pattern of the traditional village dwell house gable is more and more rich from north to south and from west to east.The house shaped pattern mainly concentrated in Anhui,Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces,the wave shaped pattern are mainly distributed in Guangdong province;（4）The natural environment,regional culture background,the level of economic development and differences in social system are the main reasons for the differentiation of Chinese traditional village houses gable.