不同内包装方式对模拟运输过程中水蜜桃品质的影响

Effects of Different Inner-Packages Treatments on the Quality of Juicy Peach Fruits during Simulated Transportation

机械损伤是导致水蜜桃运输品质下降的重要原因之一,而合理的包装方式对水蜜桃的品质保持效果显著。本实验参考公路运输标准,于常温(23±1℃,相对湿度70%~80%)条件下模拟不同距离的快递运输,以‘白凤’水蜜桃为试材,在外包装相同的条件下,研究了5种内包装方式(P1~P5)对运输过程中水蜜桃品质的影响。结果表明:采用珍珠棉+保鲜膜的内包装方式(P5)能保持水蜜桃较高的硬度和可溶性固形物含量,降低失重与呼吸强度,减轻果肉褐变,减缓L*值的下降速率,维持较高的过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(ascorbate peroxidase,APX)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)活性,并保持组织较低的苯丙氨酸解氨酶(phenylalanineammonialyase,PAL)活性。综合新鲜程度、风味及口感等感官品质因素,P5包装处理对运输过程中水蜜桃的防护与保鲜效果最为显著,为最适宜水蜜桃采后流通的内包装方式。

Mechanical damage is one of the main reasons for the decline of fruits and vegetables quality during transportation, while the inner-package is the key factor for quality of them during the process. In the experiment, the effects of cushioning materials and five inner-packages types on mechanical bruising of packaged peach fruits（the ‘baifeng＇ cultivar） were investigated under the conditions of ambient temperature（23±1 ℃） and relative humidity of 70%~80%. In order to screen out the most suitable inner-package for peaches, different distances of express transportation was simulated according to the standard of highway transportation. The results indicated that the inner-package of EPE and film（P5） could retard the reduction of firmness, slow down the decrease of soluble solid content（TSS） and L＊ value, alleviate browning degree of juicy peach fruits, suppress the increase of weight loss and respiration rate, and remain the higher resistant enzymes activities of APX（ascorbate peroxidase）, POD（peroxidase） and CAT（catalase）. Moreover, PAL（phenylalanineammonialyase） activities were kept in a relatively low level. Considering the factors of the freshness, flavor and taste, the P5 inner-package exhibited the best capacity for vibration reduction and fresh-keeping of juicy peach fruits. In conclusion, the P5 package method was the most appropriate inner-package treatment for postharvest circulation of juicy peach fruits.