废弃矿山采煤塌陷区土地复垦综合治理模式研究

Research on comprehensive treatment mode of land reclamation in abandoned mining subsidence area

为了探索废弃矿山采煤塌陷区土地复垦的综合治理方案,以铜川市草滩村和衣食村采煤塌陷区为例,通过资料收集、野外调查和对比研究等工作,全面查清区内地质灾害类型和危害,为类似矿山地质环境治理提供借鉴。综合考虑地质灾害、生态环境及当地社会需求等诸多因素,通过对塌陷区地貌重建、废弃建筑物拆迁、矸石清理填埋、土地复垦、边坡修整、植草绿化等工程,消除了地面塌陷对周边居民生产和生活的威胁,生态环境得到全面恢复,促进了塌陷区社会的和谐与稳定。符合国家发展战略的要求,能够满足当地的社会需求,可为同类采煤塌陷区的恢复治理提供参考。

In order to explore land reclamation comprehensive treatment scheme in abandoned mining subsidence area, taking the mining subsidence area in Caotan and Yishi in Tongchuan as examples, the research showed total geological disasters types and harms by data collection, field investigation and comparative study, which providing references for similar geological environ ment treatment of mines. Considering all the aspects of geological disasters, ecological environment and local social demand, the author eliminated the harm of subsidence to surrounding human production and life by subsidence area reconstruction, abandoned building demolition, gangue cleaning up and landfill, land reclamation, slope correction, grass green programs, the ecological en- vironment fully restored, and also promoted the social harmony and stability of subsidence area. It meets national development re- quirements, satisfied local society demand and provided references for recovery and control of similar mining subsidence area.