父母心理控制和儿童消极情绪性对学前儿童问题行为的共同作用:“素质-压力”还是“差别易感性”

The Joint Effects of Paternal and Maternal Psychological Control and Children Temperament on Children Problem Behaviors:Diathesis Stress or Differential Susceptibility

本研究以226名学前儿童和其父母为研究对象,从儿童气质-家庭环境交互作用的视角,采用父母报告的方法收集数据,考察了父母心理控制及儿童消极情绪性对儿童问题行为的共同作用。结果发现:在预测外化问题时,父亲和母亲心理控制的主效应均显著,同时父亲心理控制与儿童消极情绪性的交互作用也显著。显著性区域分析发现,高消极情绪性的学前儿童更易受高父亲心理控制的不利影响,也更易受低父亲心理控制的有利影响,该结果支持差别易感性模型;在预测内化问题时,父亲和母亲心理控制的主效应及其与儿童消极情绪性的交互作用均不显著,说明无论是对高消极情绪性还是低消极情绪性儿童,父母心理控制对其内化问题的影响相对较弱。

This study examined the joint effects of paternal and maternal psychological control and children＇s negative emotionality on children problem behavior in the perspective of Temperament × Environment interaction among226 preschool children and their parents. Data were collected from parents＇ reports. The hierarchical regression analyses and Analysis of Regions of Significance（ Ro S） were employed to examine the joint effects. Results indicated that： when predicting externalizing problems,the main effects of paternal and maternal psychological control and the interaction of paternal psychological control and children＇negative emotionality were significant. The analysis of Ro S showed that children with high negative emotionality suffered more from high paternal psychological control and benefited more from low paternal psychological control,which supported the differential susceptibility model. When predicting the internalizing problems,neither the main effects of paternal and maternal psychological control nor the interactions of children negative emotionality and paternal or maternal psychological control were significant. Those results suggested that the effect of parental psychological control on internalizing problems was relative moderate in early childhood.