社会支持对震后青少年创伤后应激障碍和创伤后成长的影响：自我效能感的中介作用

The Relationship between Social Support,Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Posttraumatic Growth among Adolescents after Wenchuan Earthquake:Understanding the Role of Self-efficacy

本研究采用创伤暴露问卷、社会支持问卷、自我效能感量表、创伤后应激障碍症状核查表和创伤后成长问卷,在汶川地震8.5年后对地震极重灾区的1185名中学生进行调查,考察社会支持对创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)和创伤后成长(PTG)的影响,并检验自我效能感在其中的中介作用。结果发现:在控制创伤暴露程度、性别和年龄等变量后,社会支持不仅可以直接负向预测PTSD、正向预测PTG,也可以通过自我效能感的中介作用负向预测PTSD、正向预测PTG。这表明,自我效能感在社会支持与PTSD、社会支持与PTG的关系中都具有部分中介效应。

To examine the relationship among adopting traumatic exposure questionnaire,social support,self-efficacy,posttraumatic stress disorder（ PTSD） and posttraumatic growth（ PTG）,this study investigates 1185 adolescents at 8. 5 years after Wenchuan earthquake by using social support scale,the self-efficacy scale,the modified DSM-5 PTSD checklist and posttraumatic growth inventory. The structural equation model was used to examine the relationship,wherein the traumatic exposure would be controlled because its importance. The results found that after controlling for traumatic exposure,social support has direct and negative effect on PTSD,and it can also exert indirect and negative effect on PTSD via self-efficacy. In addition,social support has direct and positive effect on PTG,and it may also positively affect PTG via self-efficacy.