青少年依恋对创伤后应激障碍和创伤后成长的影响：认知重评和表达抑制的中介作用

The Relation between Attachment and PTSD/PTG among Adolescents after the Wenchuan Earthquake:The Mediating Roles of Cognitive Reappraisal and Expressive Suppression

本研究采用创伤暴露程度问卷、父母与同伴依恋问卷、情绪调节策略问卷、DSM-5的PTSD症状核查表、创伤后成长问卷,以汶川地震8.5年后极重灾区的1153名青少年为被试,考察青少年的依恋、认知重评、表达抑制、PTSD和PTG之间的关系。结果发现:青少年的依恋可以直接负向预测PTSD、直接正向预测PTG;青少年的依恋可以通过认知重评负向预测PTSD、正向预测PTG,也可以通过表达抑制负向预测PTSD,却不能通过表达抑制预测PTG。

To examine the relation among attachment,cognitive reappraisal,expressive suppression,posttraumatic stress disorder（ PTSD） and posttraumatic growth（ PTG）,the current study investigates 1153 adolescents at 8. 5 years after Wenchuan earthquake by using traumatic exposure questionnaire,parent and peer attachment questionnaire,emotion regulation questionnaire,modified DSM-5 PTSD checklist,and posttraumatic growth inventory. Using structural equation model to examine the relation,and results revealed that attachment has direct and negative effect on PTSD,and has direct and positive effect on PTG; attachment has an indirect and negative effect on PTSD by cognitive reappraisal,and also has an indirect and positive effect on PTG by cognitive reappraisal; attachment can exert indirect and negative effect on PTSD via expressive suppression,but has non-significant effect on PTG via expressive suppression.