中国传统刺绣工艺的多重文化遗产价值

The Multi-culture Heritage Value of Chinese Traditional Embroidery Craftsmanship

中国刺绣具有多重的文化遗产价值。首先是"工绣",手工融进人的智慧和因境而变的技能,其中的个性或人的痕迹,是规整划一、机械复制的机绣不能比拟的;其次是"画绣",以绣为画,绣娘兼为画工,汉地几大名绣主要继承或模仿文人画和西画传统,少数民族的画绣立足于乡土,在形式构成等方面属自创民间画传统,与现代艺术灵犀相通;再次是"意绣",即以刺绣表述和传达意义,或为叙事,或为象征,或为祈祝,或为禳祛,或为族群认同的符号,或为社会分层的标识。刺绣,是一种以针为笔,以线为墨"书写"文化的视觉文本。

The Chinese embroidery is endorsed with multiple kinds of culture heritage value. For the first, hand embroidery as a handcraft has integrated the wisdom of the folk as well as the craftsmanship adapting to the environment and has the personality or trace of mankind, which cannot be paralleled by uniform and boring machine embroidery. Secondly, Chinese embroidery is also art embroidery. The Chinese embroidery craftsman is also an artist who creates picturesque artwork by embroidering. Several genres of famous embroidery artists in Han regions have mainly inherited or imitated the traditional Chinese painting and western painting styles. A few types of embroidery artworks of minorities are originated from their hometowns and their artworks are traditional and original folk painting＂ styles on forms and composition, which is alike to modem art; the third, the embroidery is symbolized. It conveys meanings and communicates them, which is manifested in storytelling, symbols, delivering wishes, worship to chase away evil spirits, totem recognized by their tribes or the marks of different social classes. In embroidery, needle is compared to pen and thread is compared to ink that records culture, which seems to be a visual text.