术后系统护理干预对小儿发育性髋关节脱位矫形术后肢体功能的影响

The effect of postoperative system nursing intervention on the physical function of children after the orthopaedic surgery for developmental dislocation of the hip

目的探讨术后系统护理干预对小儿发育性髋关节脱位矫形术后肢体功能的影响。方法选取2014年8月~2016年8月中国医科大学附属盛京医院收治的90例发育性髋关节脱位患儿,均接受了矫形术治疗。采取随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,每组各45例。对照组给予术后常规护理,观察组给予术后系统护理干预,两组均连续护理2个月。比较两组患儿家属的护理满意度、患儿并发症发生率、随访6个月小儿下肢运动功能、生活质量及髋关节Harris评分。结果对照组患儿家属的护理满意度为75.56%,观察组患儿家属的护理满意度为93.33%,观察组家属的护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患儿常见并发症总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与治疗前比较,治疗后两组患儿下肢运动功能评分、生活质量评分及髋关节Harris评分均明显升高,且治疗后观察组各项评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论术后系统护理干预能够明显提高小儿发育性髋关节脱位矫形术患儿家属的护理满意度,降低患儿术后并发症发生率,有效促进肢体功能的恢复。

Objective To explore the effect of systemic nursing intervention on the physical function of children after the orthopaedic surgery for developmental dislocation of the hip. Methods Ninety cases of children with developmental dislocation of the hip accepted orthopaedic surgery and treated in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from August 2014 to August 2016 were selected, according to the random number tables children were divided into control group and observation group, 45 cases in each group. The control group was given conventional nursing, the observation group was given the systematic nursing intervention, both groups were given continuous nursing for 2 months. The nursing satisfaction of family members, complications of children, lower limb motor function of children in 6 months of fol- lowed up, the quality of 1ife, and Harris hip score were compared between two groups. Results The nursing satisfaction of the family members in the control group was 75.56%, and the nursing satisfaction of the family members in the ob- servation group was 93.33%, the satisfaction degree of the family members in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of common complications in the two groups （P 〉 0.05）. Compared with before treatment, the scores of motor func- tion of the lower extremities, the quality of life, and the Harris score of hip joints in the two groups were increased after treatment, and the above scores of the observation group after treatment were higher than those of the control group, the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion For the children with developmental dislocation of the hip, postoperative nursing intervention can significantly improve the nursing satisfaction of the family members, reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, and effectively promote the recovery of limb function.