核酸适配体在海洋微生物及海洋生物毒素识别鉴定中的应用研究进展

Advances in application of aptamers in identification of marine microorganisms and marine toxins

核酸适配体是一种具有严格特异性和高度亲和力的寡核苷酸分子,它具有制备简单、靶目标范围广、易于修饰和无免疫原性等优点,在食品安全、临床诊断、药物研发、分子检测等多个领域里方兴未艾。海洋是地球上最大的水域环境,存在众多的海洋生物及其活性物质,是人类重要的食品和药物来源。鉴于海洋微生物和海洋生物毒素对海洋环境和食品安全的重要影响,本文主要从核酸适配体角度出发,综述核酸适配体在海洋微生物和海洋生物毒素方面的应用研究进展,为相关海洋资源的开发利用以及食品安全的控制提供参考。

Aptamers are oligonucleotide molecules with strict specificities and high affinities. Aptamers have great potentialities in the fields such as food safety, clinical diagnosis, drug discovery and molecular testing, because of the good advantages such as sinlple preparation,wide range of targets, easy modifieation and no immunogenicity.Ocean is the largest water environment on Earth and the important source of human food and drugs, which has many marine creatures and marine bioactive substances.Due to the important effects of marine microorganisms and toxins on the marine environment and food safety, the present paper introduces the recent application of aptamers in marine microorganisms and marine toxins,which can provide the reference for the utilization of marine resources and the control of the food safety.