盖梯尔问题与演绎保守性

Gettier Cases and the Conservative Property of Deduction

盖梯尔问题在现代知识论研究中占据重要地位,通常是指反对传统知识定义的各种反例。我们以文献中受关注的经典结构性盖梯尔问题入手,它们的核心特征是在虚假前提的情况下通过演绎推理作辩护获得真信念。对于经典的结构性盖梯尔反例进行逻辑分析后,文中总结出一个一般性结论,即主体在虚假前提信念的基础上采用有效演绎推论的过程中,如果前提表达的命题严格强于结论,那么总会导致盖梯尔情况的出现。这里的根本原因可能在于演绎推理的保守性特质。

This article logically analyzes the classical structural Gettier cases, famously known as ＇ from false premises to obtain justified true belief via logic deduction＇. Through a detailed formal analysis of several classical Gettier cases,it is con- cluded that during the process of applying a valid deductive inference,if what the premises express is strictly stronger than what the conclusion expresses, then there always exists a situation where at least one Gettier case happens. The fundamental reason under this result is the conservative property of deduction.