后西方社会学与当代中国社会学

Post-Western Sociology and Contemporary Chinese Sociology

中国近40年改革开放的伟大实践,在很多方面超越了西方传统理论。"后西方社会学"是指在全球化背景下根据各国不同的新发展经验对当代社会学的重塑。"后"不是摈弃、颠覆、反抗和解构,而是创新、发展、重构甚至超越,是试图共同建构一种超越西方和非西方二元对立的社会学知识体系。"问题导向"的当代中国社会学,将社会学研究和解决经济社会发展中的现实问题密切联系起来,为"中国经验"的积累提供了有力的知识支持,是"后西方社会学"的重要组成部分。中国社会结构转型研究超越了西方"传统"和"现代"的分野,揭示了社会转型动态和连续谱式的复杂进程;产权研究摒弃西方中心主义的理念,提出了关系产权、混合产权和集体产权等概念,深入揭示产权的实际运作逻辑;"单位制"和"人力资本失灵"的研究,拓展了西方的社会成本理论,挑战了人力资本理论,丰富了转型时期的组织研究;"中等收入群体"的概念和农民工积极社会态度的发现,对于加深西方中产阶级的研究,促进国际移民的社会融合都具有重要启示;"关系"已经进入西方学术话语体系,中国关系社会学的理论体系应最大限度地容纳、修订、改造,使其成为世界的关系社会学的蓝本。

＂Post-Western Sociology＂ refers to the reconstruction of contemporary sociology in the context of globalization according to the new development experience of different countries. ＂Problem-oriented＂ Contemporary Chinese Sociology closely combines the sociological research with the solution to practical problems in economic and social development, pro- vides a powerful knowledge support for the accumulation of ＂Chinese experience＂, and is an important part of ＂Post-Western Sociology＂. This article reviewed important studies of Chinese sociology since its restoration and reconstruction in early 1980s and concluded with five important topics（including social structure transformation, property right arrangement, enterprise organization,social stratification and social capital） that will form dialogues between Contemporary Chinese Sociology and ＂Post-Western Sociology＂ which is expected to promote the internationality of Contemporary Chinese Sociology.