杜威《儿童与课程》中的教育哲学问题探析

On the Issues of Philosophy of Education in John Dewey's The Child and the Curriculum

杜威在其《儿童与课程》中,将其教育哲学落实于课程理论。杜威认为,儿童的生长需要是教育的出发点,儿童的心理规律是课程的依据,儿童的主动活动是课程实施的方法,儿童经验的增长是课程的最终目标,所以教育的各种措施都应围绕儿童这个中心。类似的精彩的教育哲学观念不一而足。杜威《儿童与课程》的问世,距今已有115年,但其中的思想对于当前的教育改革、课程改革以及教育学建设,依然具有重要的现实意义。

In his The Child and the Curriculum,John Dewey puts his philosophy of education into his curriculum theory. Dewey believes that the growth need of the child is the starting point of education,the psychological law of the child is the basis of the curriculum,the initiative activity of the child is the method of the curriculum,and the growth of the child's experience is the ultimate goal of the curriculum;therefore,all kinds of educational arrangements should be centered around the child. There are many such wonderful philosophical ideas of education in this book. It has been 115 years since the first publication of Dewey's The Child and the Curriculum,but the thought embodied in the book still has practical significance for the reform of education and the reform of curriculum as well as the construction of pedagogy.