医生角色的刻板印象及其在医患群体间的差异

Stereotypes of Doctor's Role and Their Intergroup Differences between Doctors and Patients

研究采用刻板印象内容模型中文版问卷和词语自由联想测试两种方法,对患者被试与医生被试对"医生"这一职业群体的刻板印象内容及其群体间差异进行了探讨。患者被试倾向于将医生划归为高能力、低热情的群体,医生被试在道德维度上存在明显的内群体偏好。同时,患者被试有更多对医生群体积极词汇联想结果,医生被试则是消极词汇与积极词汇的各占一半;患者群被试更倾向于认为医生是能力强、收入高的群体,对医生有更高的要求;而医生被试则倾向于认为自身属于收入低、职业压力大、付出大于收获的群体。两者之间的刻板印象差别是造成医患冲突的潜在根源,后续研究可进一步研究此类刻板印象的形成机制与印象管理措施。

The study used the questionnaire of stereotype content model( Chinese version) and the word association test to investigate the stereotypes of" doctors" and intergroup differences between doctors and patients. The patients tended to classify the doctors as a group with high ability but low enthusiasm,while the doctors had significant in-group preferences in the ethical dimension. Meanwhile,the patients had more positive results in the word association test,while the doctors had almost equal number of positive words and negative words in the same test. The patients tended to think doctors have high quality life with a high income and hence have high anticipations on doctors,and however the doctors inclined to think they themselves are a group with low income and under high pressure,gaining less than what they deserve. These differences are potential sources of doctor-patient conflicts and subsequent studies will further concentrate on the formation mechanism and measures for managing the impression of those stereotypes.