硅钙镁土壤调理剂对酸性镉污染土壤及稻米的降镉效果

The Cadmium Reduction Effect of Silicon Calcium Magnesium Soil Conditioner on Acid Cadmium Polluted Soil and Rice

为探讨硅钙镁土壤调理剂对稻田土壤及稻米的降镉(Cd)效果,采用田间小区试验,研究了硅钙镁土壤调理剂对酸性Cd污染稻田的土壤Cd形态、pH值、糙米Cd含量等的影响。结果表明:施用调理剂可以显著改善水稻的经济性状,提高水稻产量,与CK(未施用调理剂)相比,增产率在10.03%~13.13%;当调理剂施用量为2 250 kg/hm^2时,土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量较CK分别显著增加了17.30、2.00、37.93 mg/kg,土壤pH值显著提高了0.31;调理剂能显著降低土壤和植物体内Cd含量,与CK相比,调理剂施用量1 500、2 250、3 000 kg/hm^2的土壤有效Cd含量分别降低了10.64%、40.43%、44.68%,糙米Cd含量分别降低了13.85%、36.92%、40.00%。表明,硅钙镁土壤调理剂改良酸性Cd污染稻田的最佳施用量应在2 250~3 000 kg/hm^2。

To investigate the cadmium reduction effect of silicon calcium magnesium soil conditioner on paddy soil,field experiments were conducted to study the effect of soil conditioner on Cd form,pH,Cd content of rice and in acid Cd contaminated paddy soil. The results showed that the silicon calcium magnesium soil conditioner could significantly improve the economic characters and yield of rice,and compared with CK( the treatment without applying soil conditioner) the yield was increased by 10. 03% —13. 13%. When the application amount of soil conditioner reached 2 250 kg/ha,the contents of soil available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium were increased by 17. 30,2. 00,37. 93 mg/kg respectively,and the pH value was increased by 0. 31 units. Soil conditioner significantly reduced the cadmium content in soil and plants. Compared with CK,when the application amount of soil conditioner reached 1 500,2 250,3 000 kg/ha,the available cadmium contents in soil were reduced by10. 64%,40. 43%,44. 68% respectively,and the Cd contents in rice were decreased by 13. 85%,36. 92%,40. 00%. In conclusion,the optimum application amount of silicon calcium magnesium soil conditioner for improving acid Cd polluted paddy field should be between 2 250 kg/ha and 3 000 kg/ha.