马铃薯黑胫病抗性品种的筛选与评价

Screening and Evaluation of Potato Varieties with Blackleg Resistance

为了解决我国目前马铃薯黑胫病防治中抗性育种资源匮乏的问题,采用离体整薯接种法及温室盆栽条件下注射接种法,测试了美国缅因州的24份马铃薯品种对黑胫病菌(Pectobacterium wasabiae、Dickeya dianthicola)的抗性。结果表明:离体条件下接种P.wasabiae WPP163菌株后,表现为抗性的品种为Sangre、Norglean、Ranger Russet、Red Burt,占所测试马铃薯品种总数的16.67%;接种D.dianthicola ME30菌株后,表现高抗的品种为Ranger Russet,占所测试马铃薯品种总数的4.17%,表现为抗性的品种为Wasca、Satapa、Pantonac、Sangre,占测试马铃薯品种总数的16.67%。温室试验中,接种病原菌WPP163后,表现抗性的马铃薯品种为Ranger Russet、Sangre、Norglean,表现中抗的品种为Wasca、Pantonac、Red Burt、Satapa、Reba、White Cloud、Red Warba,其余为中感与感病品种;接种病原菌ME30后,表现为高抗的品种为Ranger Russet,表现为抗性的品种为Wasca、Satapa、Sangre,表现为中抗的品种为Pantonac、Red Warba、Sebago、Norcheif、Rural New Yorker,其余品种均表现为中感与感病。综上,筛选出了在室内离体条件与温室盆栽条件下对2种病原菌均有良好抗性的马铃薯品种Ranger Russet和Sangre,为今后马铃薯的安全生产以及我国抗黑胫病马铃薯品种的引种提供了科学依据。

In order to solve the problem of lack of resistance breeding resources in the control of potato blackleg disease in China,a research was conducted by inoculation on hole tuber in vitro and by acupuncture inoculation method in vivo under greenhouse condition. Twenty-four potato varieties from Maine State of US were tested for the resistance to pathogenic bacteria Pectobacterium wasabiae WPP163 and Dickeya dianthicola ME30. The results showed that after inoculated by WPP163 in vitro,the varieties showing resistance included Sangre,Norglean,Ranger Russet and Red Burt,accounting for 16. 67% of the tested varieties. After inoculated by ME30 in vitro,Ranger Russet showed high resistance,and accounted for 4. 17% of the tested varieties. The varieties presenting resistance included Wasca,Satapa,Pantonac,and Sangre,accounting for 16. 67% of the whole tested varieties. In greenhouse experiment,after inoculated byWPP163,the varieties presenting resistance included Ranger Russet,Sangre,and Norglean,the varieties presenting moderate resistance included Wasca,Pantonac,Red Burt,Satapa,Reba,White Cloud,and Red Warba,while others were moderately susceptible and susceptible. After inoculated by ME30,the variety showing high resistance was Ranger Russet,the varieties showing resistance included Wasca,Satapa,and Sangre,the varieties showing moderate resistance included Pantonac,Red Warba,Sebago,Norcheif,and Rural New Yorker,while others were moderately susceptible and susceptible. Ranger Russet and Sangre,which had good resistance to the two pathogens both in vitro and in vivo under greenhouse condition,were selected in this experiment. It provided a scientific basis for the safety production of potato and introduction of resistance varieties to blackleg in China.