上海市部分社区居民骨质疏松预防知识、自我效能、行为状况及健康宣教效果分析

Osteoporosis prevention knowledge,self efficacy and behavior status in some community residents of Shanghai:Investigation before and after health education intervention

目的了解上海市部分社区居民的骨质疏松知识认知、骨质疏松预防自我效能和自我管理行为状况及社区宣传干预的效果。方法在上海市20个骨质疏松诊疗管理规范试点社区开展骨质疏松危险因素、防治知识、管理行为等的宣教,宣教前后分别采用方便抽样的方法抽取2 000名居民进行问卷调查,评估宣教干预效果。结果干预后社区居民骨质疏松危险因素知识、运动知识和钙知识的平均正确率较干预前分别提升了20.7%,20.4%和14.5%(P<0.01)。干预后社区居民的骨质疏松运动效能和摄钙效能,社区居民骨质疏松预防饮食行为、生活方式和运动行为也较干预前显著提升(P<0.05)。结论经规范化管理和宣教干预后,社区居民对骨质疏松症认知、效能和管理水平显著提高,骨质疏松症规范化管理宣教干预切实有效。

Objective To investigate community residents＇ prevention knowledge,self-efficacy and behavior for osteoporosis in Shanghai and evaluate the intervention effect.Methods Community health education on osteoporosis in its risk factors,prevention and treatment knowledge,management behavior was carried out in 20 osteoporosis treatment and management standard pilots in communities in Shanghai.Convenience sampling method was adopted to sample 100 residents from each community.A total of 2 000 residents were investigated both before and after education by questionnaire to assess education effect.Results After community education,the average accuracy of the osteoporosis knowledge of risk factors,exercise and calcium intake increased by 20.7%,20.4% and 14.5%（P0.01） respectively.At the same time,community residents＇ osteoporosis exercise efficacy and calcium intake efficacy,osteoporosis prevention diet behavior,life style and sports behavior also significantly increased（P0.05）.Conclusion Community residents in Shanghai do not have a high level of cognition,efficiency and management of osteoporosis,which can be effectively improved by the newly formulated standardized management and education.