中低温煤焦油重油正庚烷萃余物的反应(甲醛)分离与分析

Reaction(formaldehyde) separation and analysis of n-heptane extraction residue from heavy oil of medium and low temperature coal tar

以陕北中低温煤焦油重油为原料,采用正庚烷溶剂萃取得到煤焦油正庚烷萃余物(H-CT)并与甲醛反应,通过溶剂萃取法将反应后产物(P)分为:正庚烷可溶物(HS-P)、正庚烷不溶甲苯可溶物(HI-TS-P)、甲苯不溶喹啉可溶物(TI-QS-P)和喹啉不溶物(QI-P)。借助GC-MS、FT-IR、TG-FTIR等分析手段,对P的结构组成进行了表征。结果表明,与H-CT相比,P中TIQS-P组分和氧原子的含量较多,C/H原子比较高;HS-P、HI-TS-P、TI-QS-P和QI-P的含量分别为11.63%、26.42%、57.08%和4.88%;HS-P和HI-TS-P均以中性组分(以芳烃为主)为主,酸性组分(以酚类为主)含量较少,其余为含O、N、S等杂原子化合物;TI-QS-P富集了羰基、亚甲基桥键及稠环芳香化合物,且含酚羟基及芳环取代物,具有较高的热稳定性。

The n-heptane extraction residue（H-CT） from heavy medium and lowtemperature coal tar made in northern Shaanxi by n-heptane was reacted with formaldehyde.The product（P） was divided into n-heptane soluble（HS-P）,n-heptane insoluble but toluene soluble（HI-TS-P）,toluene insoluble but quinoline soluble（TI-QS-P） and quinoline insoluble（QI-P）.The structure and composition of P were analyzed by means of GCMS,TG-FTIR and FT-IR.The results showthat P has more contents of TI-QS-P,oxygen atoms and a higher C/H atom ratio comparing with H-CT.The contents of HS-P,HI-TS-P,TI-QS-P and QI-P are 11.63%,26.42%,57.08% and 4.88%,respectively.HS-P and HI-TS-P contain mainly neutral components（mainly aromatics）,fewacidic components（mainly phenols）,and some heteroatom compounds including O,N,S.TIQS-P,with highly thermal stability,is rich in carbonyl groups,methylene bridge bonds and fused ring aromatic compounds.Besides,it also contains phenolic hydroxyl groups and aromatic ring substitutes.