日常生活的结构与意义《礼记·曲礼》的社会学研究

The Structure and Meaning of Everyday Life: A Sociological Study of Qu Li from the Book of Rites

社会人类学对于礼与仪式的研究有助于我们认识日常社会生活和加深对社会结构的理解,因为研究所侧重的仪式过程激活了人在社会交往和互动中的实践主体性。通过对《礼记·曲礼》的社会人类学解读,我们发现,人的日常生活具有社会结构与时间性这些基本要素,礼制结构内含复杂的人伦结构与天人关系,以及丰富的时间体验。礼所体现的情感与意义是社会生活之神圣感的源泉,礼仪就是将人和社会带入这种境界的手段与过程。这种尝试性的解读意在将传统礼仪纳入社会学的研究范围。

The study of rituals from the perspective of social anthropology helps us to comprehend our everyday life and deepen our understanding of socialstructure because the process of rites emphasized by this approach triggers the practical subjectivity of people in social interaction. Rituals connect the institution and the mind, so the study of rituals helps us to understand the composition of the social world, as well as the heart and spirit underneath theinstitution and the structure. Through a social anthropological interpretation of Qu Li from the Book of Rites , this paper finds that everyday life possessesbasic elements such as social structure and time. Rituals contain complicated strucl：ures of human relations and l^ he relationship bel^ween heaven and man, and rich experiences of time. The social world in Chinese rituals ghosts and gods,and of the five cardinal relations generated and sustained overtime. The ritual system is not only a secular social structuof cosmology. The study of Qu L i shows that our everyday life does not exist inourselves but in our integration with the outside world. When humanspractice rituals, he /she find the meaning of life in social life. This paper holds that the emotion and the meaning embodied in rites are the source of the sacred sense of social life, and rituals are the means and the process of bringing people and society into this realm. Such an interpretation places traditional rituals under the scope of sociology, contributing to the development of Chinese social theory.