乙酸正丙酯的合成工艺研究

Study on the Synthesis of Propyl Acetate

以乙酸和正丙醇为原料合成乙酸正丙酯,利用中心组合设计试验考察醇酸摩尔比、催化剂用量和反应时间3个因素对SO_4^(2-)/Nd_2O_3-ZrO_2-Fe_2O_3三元固体超强酸催化合成乙酸正丙酯的影响,运用正交实验对其工艺参数进行优化,确定的最佳合成条件为:醇酸摩尔比1.3∶1、催化剂用量1.6 g和反应时间2.5 h,酯化率为92.6%。在此条件下重复实验5次,酯化率仍在92%以上。

By using acetic acid and propanol as raw materials for the synthesis of propyl acetate,central composite design is used to test the influence of the molar ratio of alcohol to acid,the amount of catalyst,and reaction time on the catalytic synthesis of propyl acetate using ternary solid superacid SO4^2-/Nd2O3-ZrO2-Fe2O3. The process parameters are optimized by orthogonal experiment,and the optimal synthesis conditions are determined as： molar ratio of alcohol to acid 1. 3∶ 1,catalyst dosage 1. 6 g and reaction time 2. 5 h. The esterification rate is92. 6%. Repeating the experiment five times under this condition,the esterification rate is still above 92%.