印穆冲突的早期形态及主要特征

An Analysis on Early Hindu-Muslim Conflict

早期的印穆冲突,既有基于现实利益之上的物质性冲突,也有基于宗教教义之上的非物质性冲突。宗教是印穆冲突的起因和载体,但却不是冲突的唯一目标,利益才是双方争夺的焦点。北印度穆斯林政权建立之后,统治者出于政治目的,施行了相对宽容的宗教政策,而极具包容性的印度教徒由于尚未形成明确的民族认同意识,并没有对入侵的穆斯林表现出明显排外的一面,因此中世纪印穆冲突的强度和烈度都在有限的范围内,甚至还出现了两种宗教和谐相处的局面。印穆冲突在极具破坏性的同时又呈现出建设性的一面,印度文化和伊斯兰文化在冲突中相互借鉴,不断交融,最终形成了次大陆更加多元的宗教文化新格局。

Interest, rather than religion, constituted the target for early Hindu-Muslim conflict. The gravity and intensity of the conflicts in medieval Indiawere in a limited range, religious harmony was by no means an exception. Such conflicts were in fact destructiveas well as constructive as the two cultures learned from each other in this process and blended together. A more pluralistic pattern of religious culture in the subcontinent was therefore realized.