某中医药大学低年级学生亚健康状况及其相关因素分析

An analysis of lower grade students' state of sub-health and correlative factors in a university of Chinese medicine

目的探讨医学高校低年级学生亚健康的发生情况及其相关因素,为在大学生中普及健康生活方式及科学干预亚健康提供参考数据。方法问卷调查4 952名学生亚健康的发生情况及其成因,采用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计分析。结果亚健康得分为14(7,27)分,检出率为38.1%,城镇学生的健康状况优于乡村(Z=-3.599,P<0.001);感觉疲劳(36.6%)、专注力低(29.6%)、记忆力差(28.1%)等是大学生亚健康的主要表现,亚健康得分高者的上述表现更严重。健康者的膳食情况(Z=-11.264,P<0.001)、体育活动(Z=-7.172,P<0.001)和不良事件数(Z=-14.207,P<0.001)等因素的得分均优于亚健康者。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,学习成绩(OR=1.647,95%CI:1.149~2.363,P=0.007)、体质指数(OR=1.117,95%CI:1.006~1.240,P=0.038)、不良事件数(OR=1.470,95%CI:1.154~1.874,P=0.002)和体育活动(OR=0.882,95%CI:0.790~0.985,P=0.026)等4个因素可能影响大学生亚健康的发生。结论高校应密切关注大学生的健康状态,积极开展有针对性的干预活动。

Objective To explore the prevalence of lower grade students＇ sub-health and correlative factors in medical colleges with the purpose to formulate reference data for popularizing healthy lifestyle and scientific intervention of sub-health among college students. Methods A total of 4 952 students were surveyed by Questionnaire, SPSS 21.0 soft- ware was used for statistical analysis. Results The sub-health score was 14（7,27）, with a detection rate of 38. 1%, and the healthy status of students from towns was better than those from rural areas（ Z = -3. 599, P 〈 0. 001 ）. The common symptoms of sub-heahh among college students were fatigue （ 36. 6% ）, low concentration （ 29. 6% ） and poor memory （28.1% ）, which was even worse especially among those with higher sub-health score. The scores of diet（Z = - 11. 264, P 〈 0. 001 ）, physical activities （ Z = - 7. 172, P 〈 0. 001 ） and adverse events （Z = - 14. 207, P 〈 0. 001 ） of healthy peo- ple were better than those of sub-health. The results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that 4 factors influenced the sub-health status among the students, including academic achievement （OR = 1. 647, 95% CI： 1. 149 -2. 363, P = 0. 007） , body mass index（OR = 1. 117, 95% CI：1. 006 - 1. 240, P =0. 038）, adverse events （OR = 1. 470, 95% CI： 1. 154 - 1. 874, P = 0. 002） and physical activities （ OR = 0. 882, 95 % CI：0. 790 - 0.985, P = 0.026）. Conclusion Universities should pay more attention to the health state of college students as well as actively conduct targeted intervention activities.