淫羊藿活性成分促进骨细胞增殖分化研究进展

Effect of Active Components of Epimedii Folium in Promoting Proliferation and Differentiation of Osteoblasts

近年来以股骨头坏死为代表的各类骨伤疾病发病率呈逐年上升趋势,淫羊藿作为常用的补肾强骨中药被广泛应用于中医骨科临床并对治疗各种骨伤疾病取得了显著疗效。但淫羊藿中何种成分行使功能,是临床用药及相关药品研发亟需解决的关键问题。近年来研究发现,淫羊藿中的淫羊藿苷、淫羊藿次苷、淫羊藿总黄酮、淫羊藿多糖以及一些微量元素均具有促进骨细胞增殖分化作用,其中淫羊藿苷、淫羊藿次苷、淫羊藿总黄酮在分子学领域的药理机制研究取得了巨大进展,大量实验研究表明,上述成分可以通过控制骨细胞相关基因的表达、调节信号通路促进骨形成蛋白2（BMP2）以及骨保护素（OPG）蛋白的合成,在细胞因子水平解释了淫羊藿促进骨细胞增殖分化的内在机制,对于淫羊藿中含有的淫羊藿多糖及微量元素促进骨细胞增殖分化作用,研究学者只进行了验证实验,其深层次的作用机制有待进一步探究。本文以淫羊藿中主要活性成分淫羊藿苷、淫羊藿次苷、淫羊藿总黄酮、淫羊藿多糖以及一些微量元素为依据,综述各成分促进骨细胞增殖及分化作用研究进展,以期为新药研发和提高临床疗效提供一定理论参考。

The incidence of various kinds of bone diseases represented by osteonecrosis of femoral head（ONFN） has been increasing in recent years. Epimedii Folium has been widely used in clinical department of orthopedics of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） as a commonly used drug for reinforcing kidney and growing bone,with a significant effect in the treatment of various bone diseases. However,it is an urgent problem in clinical medication and relevant drug RD to define the functions of components of Epimedii Folium. In recent years,it has been found that icariin,icariside,total flavonoids of herba Epimedii Folium,Epimedii Folium polysaccharides and some microelements in Epimedii Folium have the effect in promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. In particular,studies on the pharmacological mechanisms of icariin,icariside and total flavonoids of herba Epimedii Folium in the molecular filed have made a great progress. A large number of experimental studies have shown that the components mentioned above could promote the formation of bone morphogenetic protein（BMP2） and the protein synthesis of osteoprotegerin（OPG） by controlling the expressions of osteoblast-related genes and regulating the signal pathway,and explained the intrinsic mechanism that Epimedii Folium could promote osteoblast proliferation and differentiation at the molecular level. Regarding the effect of Epimedii Folium polysaccharides and microelements in Epimedii Folium in promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation,the researchers only carried out the confirmatory experiment,without further exploring the in-depth mechanism. This article summarizes the study advance of the effect of various components in promoting proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts based on main effective components icariin, icariside, total flavonoids of herba Epimedii Folium,Epimedii Folium polysaccharides and some microelements in Epimedii Folium,in order to provide a theoretical reference for new drugs research and development and improving the clinical efficacy.