农村家庭职业选择的代际特征:分异性抑或传承性

Intergenerational Characters of the Occupation Choice in Rural Families： Heterogeneity or Inheritance

基于中国家庭收入调查数据，构建职业选择单方程模型与递归双变量概率模型，探讨农村家庭职业选择的代际特征。研究表明：农村子辈劳动力的职业经历与所从事具体职业的层次均优于父辈、职业选择所面临的约束明显小于父辈，且地区经济越发达、代际分异性越强；农村子辈劳动力的具体职业选择仍直接或间接受父辈职业选择结果的影响、缺乏足够的独立性，且地区经济越发达、代际传承性越弱。农村家庭的职业选择兼具代际分异性与传承性，发挥个人素质在职业选择中的主导作用和促进地区经济发展，可有效阻断职业在农村家庭层面的代际传递。

Based on the data of China Household Income Projects, this paper constructs the one-equation model of and the recursive bivariate probability model of occupation choice to explore the intergencrational characteristics of two- generation labor force＇ s occupation choice in rural households. The study shows that the profession experience, the gradation of the specific occupation and the career choosing constraints of children labor force are better than their par- cnts in rural, and the more developed the regional economy, the stronger the inter-generational heterogeneity. The spe- cific career choice of the rural children labor force lacking sufficient independence is still directly or indirectly influ- enced by the result of the choice of parents＇ career choices, and the more developed the regional economy, the weaker the inter-generational inheritance. The career choice of rural households with both generational heterogeneity and in- heritance. Promoting the leading role of personal qualities playing in the career choice and promoting regional eco- nomic development can effectively block the intergenerational transmission of the occupation in rural family.