改革开放以来中国企业劳动关系变迁的历史考察

Historical Investigation on the Change of Enterprises' Labor Relations Since Reform and Opening-up

改革开放以来中国企业劳动关系的变迁大体上经历了三个阶段:1979～1991年是劳动关系从行政隶属式转向市场契约式的起步阶段,劳动关系的缔结、管理具有二元化和过渡性特点;1992～2001年是加快推进市场化劳动关系建立的阶段,劳动关系从国家化、行政化向企业化、契约化加速推进,基本实现了企业劳动关系的市场化和法制化;2002～2017年是建立与发展和谐稳定的劳动关系阶段,《劳动合同法》、《劳动争议仲裁调解法》等一系列法律法规颁布实施,特别是中共中央、国务院发布《关于构建和谐劳动关系的意见》,对构建和谐劳动关系做出了顶层设计和部署,进一步推动了劳动关系协调机制的完善。

Since the reform and opening-up, the labor relations of China's enterprises had undergone three stages of change: the period of 1979~1991 was the starting stage of labor relations developed from administrative subordination to market contract, and the conclusion and management of labor relations had the characteristics of duality and transition; the period of 1992~2001 was the stage of speeding up the establishment of the marketoriented labor relations, the labor relations was got accelerated to promote from the state and the administration to the enterprise and the contract and basically realized marketization and legalization of the enterprise labor relations; the period of 2002~2017 was the stage of establishing and developing harmonious and stable labor relations, the promulgation and implementation of "Labor Contract Law", "Labor Dispute Arbitration Conciliation Law" and a series of laws and regulations, especially "On the Construction of Harmonious Labor Relations" issued by the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council, made the top level of design and deployment to the construction of harmonious labor relations, which further promoted the improvement of coordination mechanism of labor relations.