个人信息:法益抑或民事权利——对《民法总则》第111条规定的“个人信息”之解读

Personal Information: Legal Interest or Civil Rights——An Interpretation of " Personal Information" in Article 111 of the General Provisions of Civil Law

《民法总则》第111条规定的"个人信息",规定的究竟是法益抑或权利,在学者中有不同的解读。对于在法律中规定对某种民事利益进行保护,又没有写明为权利的,应当根据该民事利益的独立性以及与其他民事利益之间的界限是否清晰、在实践中作为一项权利进行保护有无障碍、在比较法上有无规定为法益或者权利的立法例来确定。《民法总则》规定的个人信息是指个人身份信息,与隐私权保护的私人隐私信息有明确的界限,在实践上作为一个权利保护没有障碍,在比较法上没有对个人信息作为法益保护的立法例,因此,应当认定《民法总则》第111条规定的个人信息,就是规定的自然人享有的具体人格权之一,即个人信息权。

＂ Personal information＂ is stipulated in Article 111 of the General Principles of Civil Law. Is it legal interests or rights？ Scholars have different interpretations . For the protection of a civil interest which is not stated as a right in the law, it shall be determined in accordance with the independence of the civil interest, the distinction between the civil interests and the other civil interests, the obstacle to protect as a right in practice and the provisions in the comparative law. The personal information stipulated in the General Principles of Civil Law refers to personal information, and there is a clear limit between it and private privacy information protected by privacy. There is no obstacle in the practice as a right to protect, and there is no legislation on the protection of personal information as a legal protection in comparative law. Therefore, it should be recognized that the personal information provided for in Article 111 of the General Provisions of Civil Law is one of the specific personality rights possessed by the natural person, that is, the right to personal information.