兰州市室内外空气中PM10污染水平状况研究

Pollution Characteristics of PM_(10) at Multiple Indoor and Outdoor Sites in Lanzhou

目的:了解兰州市非采暖期和采暖期居民室内外空气颗粒物的污染状况,研究室外颗粒物以及室内活动对室内颗粒物浓度变化的影响,为兰州市正确认识大气PM_(10)污染状况及制定相应污染控制措施提供参考依据。方法分别于2016年9月15至10月15日和2016年11月5日至2016年12月5日对兰州市城关区和榆中县72户居民住宅及13个典型场景的室内和室外同步进行PM_(10)的采集。重量法分析室内外PM_(10)的污染水平。结果:被调查居民的厨房、客厅PM_(10)平均质量浓度分别为115.44、81.25μg·m-3;办公场景的PM_(10)平均质量浓度为83.11μg·m-3;室外PM_(10)平均质量浓度为167.95μg·m-3。I/O值(室内与室外颗粒物质量浓度之比)变化范围为0.31-1.54。结论兰州市PM_(10)质量浓度呈现明显的空间分布特征和季节变化特征;PM_(10)室内质量浓度并不总是低于室外,室内环境应当受到公众的关注。

Objective To investigate indoor particle pollution levels of the residences in Lanzhou during the non-heating and heating period, and to find out how both outdoor particles and indoor human activities affect the indoor PM10 levels, which have a correct understanding of air pollution and provide a scientific basis for setting measure of prevention. Methods PMl0 samples were collected inside and outside 72 residential homes and 13 typical scenes simultaneously in Chengguan district and the Yuzlaong county in Lanzhou city from September 15 to October 15, 2016 and from November 5 to December 5, 2016, respectively. Gravimetric method was employed to analyze the samples. Results In measured households, the average concentrations of PM10 in kitchen and living room were 115.44 and 81.25 μg·m^-3 respectively; the average concentrations of PM10 in typical scenes and outdoor were 83.11 and 167.95 μg·m^-3. The I/O ratio was 0.31-1.54 during the sampling. Conclusion The mass concentrations of PM10 in Lanzhou showed obvious spatial distribution and seasonal variation characteristics. The indoor PM10 concentrations were not always lower than that of the outdoor, the indoor microenvironment should be paid more attention by the public