贵州马比木内生真菌的多样性研究

Diversity of endophytic fungi from Nothapodytes pittosporoides in Guizhou Province

为了解贵州省马比木内生真菌的多样性,通过采集贵阳修文、遵义播州、铜仁万山3个县区的不同季节的健康马比木植物不同组织部位样本进行内生真菌的分离,分析分离菌ITS r DNA序列,采用分子系统学方法,对3个地区的不同季节马比木植物不同组织部位的内生真菌进行鉴定、归类,并进行多样性评价。结果表明,从1 444个马比木组织块中分离出1 037株内生真菌,分别隶属于30个属,其中间壳座属Diaporthe为优势属,分离率与分离频率分别为40.24%与57.58%;夏季内生真菌的多样性指数最高,4个季节的相似度在0.40–0.71之间,贵阳的相似性指数最高,三地的相似性指数在0.42–0.55之间,果实的多样性指数最高,各个组织部位的相似性指数在0.00–0.54之间。表面植株生长环境及部位对内生真菌的组成和多样性均有影响。

The endophytic fungi in different tissues of Nothapodytes pittosporoides in different seasons from Guizhou Province were investigated and evaluated. Based on phylogenetic method, 1 037 strains of endophytic fungi from 1 444 samples of N. pittosporoides tissues collected from three counties were obtained, belonging to 30 genera, of which Diaporthe was dominant, and the isolation rate and frequency were 40.24% and 57.58% respectively. Diversity index was the highest in summer, and the similarity index for four seasons was 0.40-0.71, being the highest in Xiuwen, Guiyang. The similarity index of the fungi in three counties was 0.42-0.55. The diversity index of the fungi in fruit was the highest, and the similarity index for each sample tissues was 0.00-0.54.