产业聚集与中国城市全要素生产率

Industrial agglomeration and total factor productivity of cities in China

本文基于2003-2012年中国285个地级及以上城市数据,运用计量分析方法研究了产业聚集与全要素生产率之间的关系。理论分析表明,产业聚集促进全要素生产率提升的作用机制在于:知识或技术溢出和技术创新成果扩散。实证分析显示,(1)制造业聚集和生产性服务业聚集均有助于促进全要素生产率提升,但生产性服务业聚集的促进作用更大。并且,制造业聚集主要通过促进技术进步来提升全要素生产率,而生产性服务业聚集主要通过提高技术效率来提升全要素生产率;(2)分地区研究表明,产业聚集对全要素生产率的影响存在明显的地区差异;(3)从作用途径来看,制造业聚集和生产性服务业聚集对全要素生产率和技术效率的正向影响主要通过人力资本和基础设施等途径传递,而对技术进步的促进作用主要通过人力资本、外商直接投资和基础设施等途径传递。且在所有的作用途径中,基础设施的贡献较大。

Based on the data of 285 cities in China from 2003 to 2012, this paper explores the relationship between industrial ag- glomeration and total factor productivity by using the econometric analysis method. The theoretical analysis show that the mecha- nisms of industrial agglomeration to promote total factor productivity are knowledge or technology spillover and technological innovation diffusion. The empirical analysis shows that （ 1 ） Manufacturing agglomeration and producer service industrial agglomera- tion both can help to promote total factor productivity, but the impact of producer service industrial agglomeration on total factor productivity is greater. And manufacturing agglomeration mainly through technological progress to promote total factor productivi- ty, while producer service industrial agglomeration mainly through technical efficiency to promote total factor productivity; （2） Region - specific analysis reveals that the impact of industrial agglomeration on total factor productivity of inter - regional are dif ferent; and （3）The positive impacts of Manufacturing agglomeration and producer service industrial agglomeration on the total factor productivity and technical efficiency mainly by the pathways of human capital and infrastructure, while the promotion on technological progress mainly by the pathways of human capital, FDI and infrastructure. Moreover, in all these pathways, infrastructure makes a significant contribution.