离子液体添加剂对润滑剂摩擦和润滑性能的影响

Influence of Ionic Liquids on Friction and Lubrication Performance of Lubricants as Additives

目的研究离子液体作添加剂时对基础润滑剂成膜能力和摩擦磨损性能的影响。方法选取聚α烯烃(PAO8)和锂基脂作为基础润滑剂,用季膦盐油酸离子液体作为添加剂,用UMT-3型多功能摩擦磨损试验机(UMT)进行实验,并对试验后的试样表面进行SEM分析。同时用光干涉点接触润滑油膜厚度测量装置测量其膜厚,通过对比基础润滑剂与添加离子液体后的摩擦系数、膜厚和磨斑,评价离子液体添加剂对基础润滑剂摩擦润滑性能的影响。结果相比于基础油和基础脂,离子液体作添加剂可以有效地降低摩擦磨损。含有离子液体添加剂的润滑剂有更高的油膜厚度,在高载荷工况下更明显。添加离子液体可以有效减轻基础油的乏油程度。结论离子液体添加剂可以有效减小摩擦磨损,提高润滑性能。

The work aims to study effects of ionic liquids on film-forming capability as well as friction and wear properties of basic lubricants as additives. With poly-α-olefin （PAOS） and lithium-based grease as basic additives, and quaternary phosphonium chloride ionic liquid as additive, an experiment was performed with UMT-3 multi-functional friction and wear tester, tested sample surface was analyzed with scanning electron microscope （SEM）. Meanwhile, film thickness was measured optical interference point-contacting lubricating oil film thickness tester. Effects of the ionic liquids on friction and lubrication proper- ties of basic lubricants as additives were evaluated by comparing friction coefficient, film thickness and wear scar of the basic lubricants with those of basic lubricants containing the ionic liquids. Compared with base oil and base grease, ionic liquids could effectively reduce friction and wear as additives. Lubricants containing ionic liquid additives had higher oil film thickness, and the effect on film thickness was more obvious especially in high case. The starvation condition could be relieved apparently by adding ionic liquids. Ionic liquid additives can effectively reduce friction and wear while improving lubricating property.