中国45岁以上人群腰痛患病率调查:基于中国健康与养老追踪调查数据

Prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among adults aged 45 years and over in China: Data fromChina Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)

目的了解中国45岁以上人群腰痛患病率,探讨腰痛的相关危险因素。方法使用2011年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据库,剔除其中年龄小于45岁、性别和年龄等信息缺失的505人,纳入研究对象17 085人,对腰痛及可能相关因素进行分析。采用SAS 9.0对数据进行统计学分析。多因素分析采用Logistic回归方法。结果 2011年45岁以上中国人腰痛患病率为18.6%,其中男性和女性的患病率分别为14.5%和22.5%。45~69岁人群的腰痛患病率随年龄的增加呈上升趋势,65~69岁人群腰痛患病率最高,70岁以上人群腰痛患病率有所下降。在各年龄段人群中,女性的腰痛患病率均高于男性。进行性别标准化后,各年龄段农村人群的腰痛患病率均高于城市人群。多因素分析结果显示,女性的腰痛患病风险显著高于男性,OR值为1.33(1.13,1.58)。随着受教育程度的上升,人群腰痛患病风险逐渐降低(P趋势=0.002)。抑郁与腰痛显著相关,OR值为1.13(1.12,1.14)。体质量指数(BMI)、职业以及吸烟等因素与腰痛无显著相关性。结论腰痛在中国45岁以上人群中常见,女性患病率高于男性,农村人群患病率高于城市。腰痛是由多因素引起的复杂疾病。在制订腰痛预防策略时,需要从生活方式和精神健康等多方面着手。

Objective To assess the prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among adults aged 45 years and over in China. Methods Datum from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study( CHARLS)national baseline,initiated in 2011 were used and 17 085 eligible participants were included to analyze the prevalence and risk factors of low back pain. Software of SAS 9. 0 was used for data processing and Logistic regression was used for multivariate analyses. Results Overall,in 2011,the prevalence of low back pain in adults aged more than 45 years was 18. 6%. Gender-specific prevalence of low back pain was 14. 5% for males and 22. 5% for females. For age groups between 45 to 69 years,the prevalence increased with age. Low back pain prevalence was significantly higher in rural areas than that in urban. Multivariate analyses showed that female gender,the lower education and depression were significantly associated with increased risk of low back pain. No obvious relationship was observed between the risk of low back pain and body mass index,occupation and smoking,respectively. Conclusion In Chinese adults aged 45 years and over,there is a relatively high prevalence of low back pain. The prevalence is significant higher in female,peoples in rural areas,people in lower education and depression subjects. Multi-dimensional measures are urgently needed to improve prevention for low back pain.