“生态”与“脱贫”并重的扶贫生态移民实践与思考——以贵州湄潭永兴镇为例

Practice and Thinking of Ecological Migration for Poverty Alleviation Focus on both “Ecology” and “Overcome Poverty”:A Case Study of Yongxing Town,Meitan,Guizhou

贵州省生态环境脆弱，贫困人口集中，实施扶贫生态移民工程是恢复生态和消除贫困的有效途径和重要举措。文章以贵州省省级示范点之一的湄潭县永兴镇作为研究案例，斗等“生态”和“脱贫”作为双重目标，分析该镇在生态移民过程中的实施策略和经验，并从迁出地生态修复、稳定安置移民、安置区可持续发展三方面总结其生态移民模式，以期为贵州及全国其他城镇的生态移民提供借鉴。最后从优势产业发展、民族文化适应性、移民内生动力、移民稳定转型等方面提出更进一步的思考。

Guizhou ecological environment is fragile, and the poor are concentrated, so ecological migration for poverty alleviation project is effective way and important measure to restore ecology and eliminate poverty. This paper took Yongxing town of Meitan county as a case study, took ＂ecology＂ and ＂overcome poverty＂ as a dual goal, analyzed and summed up the implementation strategy and experience in ecological migration. We summarized its ecological migration pattern from three aspects： ecological restoration of original residence, stable settlement of immigrants and sustainable development of resettlement area, in order to provide reference for other towns. Then we put forward some suggestions from the superior industrial development, the adaptability of national culture, the endogenous motivation and stability transition of immigrants.