西南山区旅游生态承载力研究

Study on Ecological Capacity of Tourism in Southwest Mountainous Area

生态脆弱区旅游生态承载力评估，能够为区域旅游可持续发展提供科学依据。构建区域旅游生态承载力评估指标体系，将GIS技术与模糊综合评估方法相结合，进行西南山区旅游生态承载力研究。结果表明，研究区旅游生态承栽能力总体较好，属于中等承载力的区域分布最为广泛，面积比例达35．8％；低承载力主要分布在四川平原和盆地丘陵区，另外在云南和贵州低山丘陵区零星分布，高和较高承载力主要分布在川西北高原和广西西北部山地两大片区；研究区生态弹性力、资源环境支撑能力和旅游活动压力具有空间差异特征，水域面积比例、植被覆盖指数、生物丰度指数、人均旅游生态足迹、游客污染物排放量、人均生态用地面积和水环境污染指数等是影响旅游生态承载力的主要因素。

The eco-tourism capacity assessment in ecologically fragile areas, it provides a scientific guide for the sustainable development of regional tourism. The ecological capacity of tourism in southwest mountain areas was researched. The ecological capacity evaluation system of regional tourism was constructed by combining the GIS technology with the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results indicated that the overall ecological capacity of the area studied in this paper was reasonably well, the most distributed region belongs to the range of moderate ecological capacity, the ratio of which is 35.8%. The low beating capacity is mainly distributed in Sichuan plains and hilly areas, some others scattered in Yunnan and Guizhou hilly areas. By contrast, the relatively high ecological capacity region mainly locates in the northwest plateau of Sichuan and two mountainous areas in the northwestern of Guangxi. As a conclusion, the ecological resilience, the resources and environment supports and the pressure from tourism activities in the research area exhibit spatial differences. Many factors, for instance the proportion of water area, vegetation coverage index, biological abundance index, ecological footprint of tourism per capita, tourists pollutant emissions, ecological land per capita and water pollution index, should be taken into account during the evaluation of the ecological capacity of tourism in the studied area.