西方旅游本真性研究的知识图谱——基于CiteSpace Ⅲ的计量分析

Knowledge Mapping of Western Tourism Authenticity Research:A Bibliometric Analysis Based on CiteSpace Ⅲ

旅游本真性作为旅游社会学中一个重要的领域,是解释旅游与现代关系的重要途径,越来越受到中外学者关注。文章以"Web of Science"数据库中1973—2016年的414篇关于旅游本真性的文献为研究对象,借助可视化软件CiteSpace Ⅲ,通过文献共被引分析、关键词共现分析及突现词分析,以可视化图谱及统计表格的形式,揭示出西方旅游本真性研究领域的知识基础、研究主题、演化路径和研究前沿。研究发现:(1)"建构主义本真性的发展"知识群组内部形成了较为完整的知识网络,而"存在主义的本真性"知识群组内还缺乏更多的经典文献;(2)旅游本真性研究主要有3条重要的演化路径;(3)旅游本真性的研究呈现出从宏观、笼统的研究走向微观、具体发展的趋势。

With the emergence of modern tourism,Western tourism scholars began to explore the relationship between tourism and tourism authenticity. As an important area of tourism sociology,tourism authenticity is an important way to explain the relationship between tourism and authentic life;therefore,Chinese and Western scholars have given increasing attention to this research field. Since the 1970 s,the most notable feature of Western studies of tourism authenticity is the constant discussion and research on the interweaving changes in different research hot spots. Chinese studies of the Western theory of tourism authenticity currently concentrate more on reviewing tourism authenticity studies and lack the development and frontier branches of the field. To provide theoretical references for future scholars to analyze and explore new frontiers of tourism authenticity research, we used the visualization software CiteSpace Ⅲ and three methods,i.e.,article co-citation network analysis,keywords co-occurrence analysis,and keywords burst detection,to analyze data from 414 articles about tourism authenticity in the Web of Science database from 1973 to 2016. Visual maps and statistical tables were used to reveal the field of tourism authenticity through its knowledge base,research topics,evolutionary paths,and recent research frontiers.The results of the co-citation network analysis of the tourism authenticity research field show that the knowledge groups are divided into the origin of tourism authenticity, development ofconstructivism authenticity,existentialism authenticity,and the composition of the different tourism authenticity genres. Compared with other tourism authenticity knowledge groups,the constructivism authenticity knowledge group has formed a relatively complete knowledge network, which has established a foundation for the subsequent research into knowledge development and practical applications in tourism authenticity studies. However,the existentialism authenticity knowledge group largely lacks the important literature and research branches. We need to strengthen the follow-up studies in the tourism authenticity research field and expand its research branches so that it can form a complete system. In addition,this discussion of the tourism authenticity concept failed to reach a consensus; therefore, the differing tourism authenticity perspectives in the concept of tourism authenticity must be considered as coexisting in tourism development and planning in the future.Three important evolutionary research paths can be shown in the tourism authenticity research field：＂the basic theory of tourism authenticity＂＂ethnic,heritage,rural,and sustainable tourism＂and＂staged authenticity,i.e. culture commodification,experience,destination image,and branding＂. In the development process of tourism authenticity,the basic theory of tourism authenticity research is the main axis,and the research themes expand and deepen the basic theory incrementally. This means that the connotation of tourism authenticity experience is a development process from objective to subjective,from single to systematic,and from unidirectional to bidirectional.The frontiers of authenticity tourism research have shifted from focusing on the controversy surrounding the concept of tourism authenticity to focusing on the practical applications of tourism authenticity. The current frontier of tourism authenticity research is the application of authenticity in different tourism patterns,such as rural and sustainable tourism. Tourism authenticity research has shifted from macroscopic to microcosmic researches,such as the recent research themes of destination image and tourism branding marketing. The recent core ideas of Western tourism authenticity and research are mostly concentrated on the sustainable development of tourism culture and destination management.