面向城市环境的角度矢量分簇选择协议

Vector-angle-cluster selection routing protocol in urban environment

在车载自组织网VANETs(vehicular ad hoc networks)中,高动态的拓扑结构和频繁断裂的链路给车间通信提出挑战。为此,针对VANETs城市场景,提出基于方向矢量角簇群和桥节点的车间通信VAC-BNR(Vector-angle-cluster and bridge nodes-based routing)协议。VAC-BNR协议将城市道路划分为十字路口区域和十字路口间的直线路段区域。在十字路口区域内,选择合适的车辆作为桥节点,并由桥节点连通断裂的链路。而在直线路段区域,利用矢量角将车辆划分不同的簇群,然后计算每个簇群内节点的效用值,并选择效用值最高的车辆传输数据。仿真结果表明,提出的VAC-BNR协议能够有效地降低端到端传输时延、提高数据包传递率。与AMD相比,VAC-BNR协议的平均端到端传输时延下降了约30%,当车流密度大于80辆/km^2时,数据包传递率提高了约50%。

In vehicular ad hoc networks（ VANETs）,due to the nature of VANETs,highly dynamic and frequent disconnection,inter-vehicle communication faces great challenges. Therefore,vector-anglecluster and bridge nodes-based routing（ VAC-BNR） protocol is proposed in this paper. In VAC-BNR protocol,the urban road is divided into intersection area and inter-intersection direct road segment. In intersection area,the appropriate vehicles are selected to be bridge nodes,and they fill the connectivity gap between disconnected links. Then in inter-intersection direct road segment,VAC-BNR protocol uses vector angle to identify whether the vehicles belong to cluster. The utility of each node in cluster is computed,and the node with highest utility is considered to transmit data. The simulation results show that VAC-BNR protocol outperforms some of the well-known protocols in terms of end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio. Compared with AMD,average end-to-end delay of VAC-BNR protocol is reduced by 30%. When vehicular density is less than 80 vehicle/km^2,the packet delivery ratio is improved by 50%.