陕西省部分蔬菜中有机磷农药残留的膳食暴露风险评估

Risk assessment of dietary exposure for organophosphates pesticides residues in some vegetables in Shaanxi Province

目的评估陕西省部分蔬菜中有机磷农药残留的膳食暴露风险。方法从陕西省食品污染物监测网中导出2012—2016年蔬菜中有机磷农药监测数据,采用接触风险指数(ERI)、膳食暴露风险指数(RI)和膳食暴露量对蔬菜中有机磷的暴露风险进行评估。结果陕西省部分蔬菜中有机磷的ERI在1.25E-06~1.87E-01之间;大蒜中氯唑磷的ERI最高,为1.87E-01;其次是洋葱中的氯唑磷,ERI为1.47E-01。有机磷膳食暴露量最大的是鲜豆类中的水胺硫磷,暴露量为4.27E-02μg/(kg体重·d),膳食暴露量最小的是鳞茎类、茎类和鲜豆类中的伏杀硫磷,均为2.00E-04μg/(kg体重·d);各类蔬菜的有机磷膳食暴露量均小于各自的每日允许摄入量(ADI)。莴苣中乐果的RI为187%,其他各类蔬菜中的各种有机磷的RI均<100%。结论陕西省部分蔬菜中有机磷农药RI值在可接受范围,应加强对氯唑磷和乐果的监管。

Objective To assess the dietary risk of organophosphates pesticides residues in some vegetables in Shaanxi Province.Methods The monitoring data of organophosphorus pesticides in vegetables from 2012 to 2016 were derived from ShaanxiProvince Food Contamination Monitoring Network. The exposure of organophosphorus to vegetables by using exposure risk index（ERI ）,dietary exposure risk index（RI ） and dietary exposure risk assessment. Results Exposed risk index（ERI ） oforganophosphorus in some vegetables in Shaanxi Province ranged from 1.25E-06 to 1.87E-01,and among them,the highestERI of clozaptid in garlic was 1.87E-01,followed by onion. In some vegetables,the highest exposure to organophosphorus wasisocarbophos of fresh beans with an exposure of 4.27E-02 μg/（kg body weight·day ） and the lowest dietary exposure wasbulbs,and stems and fresh beans were 2.00E-04μg/（kg body weight·day ） . The exposure of organophosphorus to all kindsof vegetables was less than their respective daily allowable intake（ADI ） . The risk of dietary exposure to organic- phosphorus invegetables was 187% and greater than 100% for the risk index（RI ） of lettuce,and RI for all other vegetables was 〈100%.Conclusion The dietary exposure and risk index of organophosphates pesticides in some vegetables in Shaanxi Province wassafe,and more attention should be paid to dimethoate and isazofos.