局部遮挡下光伏电池的数学建模与仿真研究

Mathematical modeling and simulation study of photovoltaic cells under partially shading

在局部遮挡条件下,光伏阵列I-V输出特性呈阶梯状,P-V输出特性含多个局部峰值。以光伏电池工程数学模型为基础,对光伏电池的串联、并联以及串并联形成阵列进行了深入的研究,建立了对应的数学模型,并理论上探究了功率最大点出现的位置以及多功率最大点产生机理。通过计算机仿真验证了理论推导的正确性,得出局部遮挡下光伏阵列的输出特性是由光照强度、遮挡模式、阵列格局等共同决定的结论。

Under partially shading condition, I-V output characteristics of photovoltaic(PV) array is in stair stepping and P-V output has multiple local peaks. Based on engineering mathematic model of photovoltaic cell, the output characteristics of series array, parallel array and series-parallel photovoltaic array were studied. Then the location of the maximum power point and maximum power point mechanisms were theoretically explored and the corresponding mathematical model was established. The correctness of theory was verified by computer simulation. It's concluded that the output characteristics of PV array are commonly determined by illumination, shading mode and distribution of PV arrays.