广西登革热发病风险分析及其应对

Analysis on the risk of dengue fever in Guangxi

目的探讨广西登革热复燃的原因,分析发病风险并做好应对。方法对2006—2015年广西登革热的发病情况及2013—2015年媒介伊蚊和人群血清学抗体检测数据进行分析。结果 2013年以前广西登革热以输入性病例为主,占95.35%(42/45),且75.71%的输入性病例来自东南亚国家;2014年出现本地暴发流行,发病数占10年发病总数的94.02%(849/903)。广西登革热病例从发病到确诊需0~70 d(中位时间间隔为6 d);发病高峰集中在9~11月,占96.46%(871/903);南宁市报告病例数最多(83.37%),其次是梧州市(7.44%)和桂林市(4.81%),且这3个市均发生了暴发疫情;病例以商业服务人员(27.80%)和家务及待业人员为主(18.16%)。蚊媒监测显示伊蚊密度较高,50%以上的监测月份布雷图指数(BI)大于20,而健康人群登革病毒Ig G抗体阳性率则只有3%左右。结论广西登革热发病风险较大,应强化疾病防控意识,加强口岸监测,提高诊治水平,加强宣传,做好防蚊灭蚊,适时扩大和调整监测范围。

ObjectiveTo explore the causes of dengue fever resurgence in Guangxi, and to analyze the risk factors ofdengue fever.MethodsThe descriptive epidemiological analysis was conduced based on the dengue fever data reportedfrom 2006 to 2015, and the surveillance results of aedes and antibody levels in health population from 2013 to 2015 inGuangxi.ResultsBefore 2013, dengue fever was imported from foreign country in Guangxi, accounting for 95.35%(42/45),and 75.71% of the imported cases was imported from Southeast Asia. The local outbreak of dengue fever was happened in2014, accounted for 94.02%(849/903) of the total number of 10 years. From onset to diagnosis, Guangxi dengue fever casesneed 0-70 d(median time interval is 6 d). Cases were reported year-round, but the peak season for the onset of dengue feverwas from September to November, accounting for 96.46% of all cases(871/903). The number of cases reported in Nanningwas the most(83.37%), followed by Wuzhou city(7.44%) and Guilin city(4.81%), and all the three cities had dengue feveroutbreaks. The cases were mainly commercial service staff(27.80%) and houseworkers and unemployed people(18.16%).Results of aedes monitoring showed that the density of aedes was high in Guangxi. In more than 50% of the monitoringseasons the breteau index(BI) stayed greater than 20. However, the antibody positive rate was only 3% in the healthyresidents of Guangxi.ConclusionThe risk of dengue fever is high in Guangxi. Therefore, it is essential to emphasizing ideaof prevention and control, strengthening immigration surveillance, improving diagnosis ability, enhancing public healtheducation, and expanding monitoring range.