原欲升华的文学瑰宝与经典童话的文化原型

Literary Treasures of Original Desire Sublimation and Cultural Prototypes of Classic Fairy Tales

欲望是生命中最强劲的驱动力,对其不理解就难以从桎梏和恐惧中解脱出来。精神分析学家弗洛伊德认为艺术和美根源于人的本能欲望,文学艺术创作就是无意识压抑与升华的产物,艺术美的本质在于对本能欲望的升华;荣格更强调人的精神有崇高的抱负,反对弗洛伊德的自然主义倾向,提倡原型理论,进而导引出"文化认同"问题。作为文学瑰宝的经典童话,既含有隐秘欲望的投射又隐藏着人类成长的原型,它们以各自独有的方式暴露出人们隐秘的欲望,教会人们理解世界及其生存的空间;更可贵的是,它们还会令大部分精明的成年人,重新审视自我和环境,重新发现"失落的世界"与"秘密花园"。

It is difficult for people to be freed from shackles and fear unless they understand desire, the strongest driving force in life. Freud advocates following viewpoints： art and beauty are rooted in human instincts; literary and artistic creation is the product of depression and sublimation of unconsciousness; the essence of artistic beauty lies in the sublimation of instinctive desires. While Jung emphasizes that there are lofty ambitions in human spirit, opposes Freud’s naturalistic tendencies, advocates archetypal theory so as to lead to the issue of “cultural identity”. As literary treasures, classic fairy tales not only project the hidden desire but also contain the prototypes of human growth, which expose people’s secret desire in their own unique ways and teach people to understand the world and their living space. What is more valuable is that they can make most of the shrewd adults re-examine themselves and their environment to find the “lost world” and “secret garden”.