供给侧改革下的福建优势特色渔业竞争力评价与空间布局优化

THE SPECIAL FISHERY COMPETITIVENESS EVALUATION AND SPATIAL LAYOUT UNDER THE SUPPLY-SIDE REFORM OF FUJIAN

[目的]推进供给侧改革,加快渔业转方式调结构步伐,是解决福建省渔业经济发展深层次矛盾的迫切需求,而发展优势特色渔业,优化产业空间布局则是深入推进渔业供给侧改革,促进渔业经济提质增效的必经之路。文章试图从产业空间结构为切入点,重点探索福建县域渔业竞争力与空间布局优化,以期为福建渔业供给侧改革提供有益的参考。[方法]在CTMC研究框架下,首先,运用TOPSIS模型对全省67个县域单元渔业进行竞争力评价,由此将福建省渔业竞争优势划分出"核心区"、"拓展区"、"潜力区"和"无竞争优势区";其次,对22个具有竞争优势的区域作了产业结构与分品种比较优势分析;最后将比较优势分析结果与县域优势特色农业产业调查数据相耦合。[结果]在选择扶持渔业品种上,部分县域还存在一定的盲目性,应进一步进行特色渔业区域布局优化调整。[结论]福建省渔业供给侧结构性改革应致力于打造优势特色水产以提质量、去库存,优化特色渔业空间布局以调结构、促融合,科学分配财政扶持以降成本、补短板。

It is an urgent need to solve the deep-seated contradiction of fishery economy development in Fujian province by promoting the reform of supply-side and speeding up the pace of fishery transfer. Developing advantageous characteristic fishery and optimizing industrial spatial layout is an effective way to push forward the reform of fishery supply-side and promote the quality and efficiency of fishery economy. In order to provide a useful reference for the reform of fishery supply side in Fujian,this paper attempted to explore the competitiveness of Fujian fishery and the optimization of spatial layout from the perspective of industrial spatial structure. The TOPSIS model was used to evaluate 67 county units of fisheries competitiveness,which divided into " core area" and " development area", " potential area" and " noncompetitive advantage area". And then,it analyzed the industrial structure and the comparative advantages of 22 regions with competitive advantages. Finally,it analyzed the comparative advantage of characteristic agricultural industry. The results showed that in the selection of fishery varieties,some counties were still blind,and the regional layout optimization of specialty fishery should be further improved. The fishery supply-side structural reform should improve quality and inventory of the superior quality aquatic products,optimize the spatial layout of special fisheries,and promote the integration and allocation of financial support scientifically to reduce costs and make up shortcomings.