聚氨酯-高岭土纳米保温材料制备及性能研究

Preparation and proerties of polyurethane kaolinite nanomaterial composites

用原位插层复合法制备了聚氨酯(PU)-高岭土纳米复合保温材料,应用X射线衍射仪、傅里叶红外分光光度计、热重分析仪和扫描电镜表征不同制备条件获得的复合材料热稳定性能及纳米材料在体系中的状态。结果表明,通过二甲基亚砜有效的表面改性获得了高岭土在基质中分散性较好的复合材料;低浓度高岭土的掺杂即可提高聚氨酯的热稳定性,当纳米高岭土质量分数在5%时,复合体系起始分解温度较纯PU提高了47℃,体系获得了最高的热稳定性。

Polyurethane kaolinite nanomaterial composite foams were prepared via in situ polymerization.The heat resistance of nanomaterial composites and the dispersion state of kaolinite in the composites were characterized by X-ray power diffraction（XRD）,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）,thermogravimetric analysis（TGA）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.The results show that the composites with better dispersibility in the matrix can be obtained by effective surface modification of dimethyl sulfoxide.The thermal stability of polyurethane can be improved by doping kaolin with low concentration.Organic modified kaolinite was dispersed well in the composites.An enhancement of thermal stability at 47 ℃ compared to the pure PU is found at 5% loading of polyurethane kaolinite.