心脏手术相关急性肾损伤的临床实验室检测

Determinations of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury

心脏手术相关急性肾损伤(CSA-AKI)是一种常见的心脏手术后并发症,常发展成为慢性肾病,是慢性肾病发病率、死亡率增高的危险因素。患者发生CSA-AKI后死亡率、重症监护病房(ICU)停留时间和住院费用均明显增加。早期诊断CSA-AKI对预防和减少该并发症尤为重要。寻找具有临床应用价值的急性肾损伤早期血清和尿液生物标志物是目前CSA-AKI研究的热点。文章对CSA-AKI的病因、危险因素、分级进行了阐述,并对目前临床实验室新的生物诊断标志物研究进展作一综述。

Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury （CSA-AKI） is a common complication after cardiac surgery,which can usually develop chronic kidney disease,also resulting with high morbidity and mortality. Mortality,intensive care unit（ICU）residence time and hospitalization costs increase significantly in patients with CSA-AKI. Early diagnosis is important in the prevention and reduction of complications. The research of biomarkers of acute kidney injury in serum and urine is a focus. This review mainly focuses on pathogenesis,risk factors,classification and new early diagnosis biomarkers of CSA-AKI.