不同土壤类型施肥水平对优质常规稻穗粒结构及产量的影响

Fertilization on Different Soil Types: Effects on Panicle Structure and Yield of High-quality Conventional Rice

【目的】研究4种不同土壤类型施肥水平对常规优质稻产量的影响,以期为水稻增产提供理论依据。【方法】通过沙土、沙壤土、壤土和粘土施氮三水平配比施肥试验,分析不同土壤类型施肥处理对优质常规稻产量及其穗粒结构的影响。【结果】常规优质稻产量以壤土施纯氮180kg/hm^2最佳,为7231.5 kg/hm^2;其次为沙壤土施纯氮180kg/hm^2,为7173kg/hm^2;二者与其它处理均存在极显著性差异;以沙土施纯氮150kg/hm^2最低,为6415.5kg/hm^2。不同土壤类型施肥水平对优质常规稻的穗粒结构有着不同程度影响,对增产作用是一个综合效应。【结论】因地制宜,不同土壤施以不同肥效水平,是优质常规稻获得最大产出量的关键。

【Objective】It aims to provide theoretical basis for the increase of rice yield by studying the effects of fertilization of 4 different soil types on the yield of high quality conventional rice.【Method】Nitrogen fertilizer in three-level ratio fertilization experiments are conducted on sandy soil,sandy loam,loam and clay to analyze the effects of fertilization of different soil types on the yield and panicle structure of high-quality conventional rice.【Result】The optimum yield of conventional high-quality rice is recorded as 7231. 5 kg/hm^2 with 180 kg/hm^2 nitrogen fertilizer on loam; and the second is recorded as 7173 kg/hm^2 with 180 kg/hm^2 on sandy loam. The above two experiments have significant differences from others. The lowest yield is recorded as 6415. 5 kg/hm^2 for 150 kg/hm^2 on sandy soil.Varied fertilization on different soil types has different effects on the panicle structure of high-quality conventional rice. Therefore,it brings about combined effects on the yield.【Conclusion】The key to achieve the highest yield is to apply different fertilizer on different soil types,adjusting measures to local conditions.