宿州市桃园矿土壤重金属污染及生态风险评价研究

Heavy Metal Pollution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Taoyuan Coal Mine in Suzhou City

目的矿区农田土壤重金属污染具有明显的特征和严重的危害,通过了解桃园矿区农田土壤重金属污染物的主要来源和土壤环境质量现状,进行土壤污染防治,避免影响当地居民健康。方法对研究区土壤样品采集、分析、测试,得到宿州市桃园矿土壤中Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Pb和Zn 6种重金属的含量数据,运用重金属污染指数法、生态风险评价法等方法对宿州市桃园矿土壤重金属污染进行综合评价研究。结果结果表明:除Mn和Pb外,Cd、Cr、Cu、Zn的含量均高于安徽省土壤背景值,其中Cd污染最严重;单因子污染指数显示除Pb和Mn外,Cd为重度污染,Cu为轻度污染,Cr和Zn为轻微污染;内梅罗污染指数范围在2.64~27.18之间,表明土壤达到了中度污染或严重污染的水平;从潜在生态风险指数看,RI范围在120.54~1153.49之间,均值为187.28,属中等生态风险等级。结论宿州市桃园矿的开采和发展对土壤造成了一定的污染,尤其是Cd较为严重,并存在中度潜在风险,需要对其污染进行相应的治理,以缓解土壤污染给矿区居民健康造成的损害。

Objective Soil heavy metal pollution in mining area has obvious characteristics and serious harm.The status and source of soil heavy metals of Taoyuan mine in Suzhou City were studied to avoid harming the local people＇s health.Methods The soil samples were collected and analyzed,gaining soil heavy metal contents of Cd,Cr,Cu,Mn,Pb and Zn of Taoyuan Coal Mine in Suzhou City.The Heavy metal pollution index and ecological risk assessment method were used to comprehensively evaluate soil heavy metal pollution of Taoyuan Coal Mine in Suzhou City.Results The results showed：except Mn and Pb,mean contents of Cd,Cr,Cu and Zn were more than the soil background values of Anhui Province,and among them,Cd was the most serious;the indices of single pollution displayed that Cd belonged to serious pollution,Cu was light pollution,Cr and Zn were slight pollution;Nemerow pollution index ranged from 27.18 to 2.64,showing soil reached a moderate or serious pollution level;accrding to the potential ecological risk index,the values of RIwere between 120.54 and 1153.49,and the mean value was187.28,which indicated a medium ecological risk level.Conclusion Coal mining has caused some pollution to the soil,especially the serious accumulation of Cd element.And there are moderately potential risks to soil environment quality.So corresponding measures should be taken to control soil heavy metal pollution so as to mitigate damage to the production,life and health of people in the mining area.